Abnormally high oil temperature in a cone crusher's lubrication system is a common malfunction during equipment operation. If not promptly investigated and addressed, it can lead to lubrication failure, increased component wear, and even equipment downtime. Troubleshooting requires a comprehensive analysis of multiple dimensions, including lubrication oil circulation, component wear, cooling system efficiency, and equipment operating parameters.
Poor lubricating oil circulation is one of the direct causes of elevated oil temperatures. A clogged oil return pipe prevents lubricating oil from returning to the tank, causing abnormal oil pressure and localized overheating. In this case, check the return pipe for impurity buildup or bends that could hinder flow. Also, check the tank filter for blockage to prevent the lubricating oil from circulating with metal debris or dust. Furthermore, a malfunctioning lubricating oil pump or clogged filter can reduce oil supply, resulting in insufficient lubrication of friction components and excessive heat generation. Regular filter replacement and oil pump pressure testing are essential.
Component wear is a potential cause of abnormal oil temperature. Wear on the contact surfaces of the cone crusher, such as the main shaft and bowl bearing, and the eccentric sleeve and main shaft, can lead to excessive clearance or eccentric operation, increasing friction and heat generation. For example, if the spindle's spherical surface wears, the contact between the non-contact surface and the bowl bearing disrupts the oil film and exacerbates dry friction. Cracks in the eccentric sleeve or a poor fit between the copper sleeve and the thrust bearing can alter the eccentric shaft's trajectory, causing abnormal vibration and heating. These issues require disassembly to inspect the wear on the contact surfaces and repair by scraping or replacing the spindle or copper sleeve.
An inefficient cooling system can directly lead to uncontrolled oil temperature. The cone crusher's factory-installed air cooler may not meet heat dissipation requirements in high-temperature environments, especially if the cooling fan malfunctions, dust accumulates on the heat sink, or the cooling water line is clogged. This prevents the lubricating oil from effectively cooling. Regularly clean the heat sink and check the fan motor and sensor for proper operation. If necessary, install a water-cooled radiator between the air cooler and the oil outlet pipe to enhance heat dissipation. Also, ensure the cooling water is clean to prevent scale from clogging the pipes.
Abnormal equipment operating parameters can indirectly cause elevated oil temperatures. For example, overfeeding or excessive fines can cause blockage in the crushing chamber, increasing equipment load and current, and, in turn, raising lubricant oil temperature. Excessive axial play in the drive shaft can alter gear tooth tip clearance and exacerbate mechanical friction. Adjust the feed rate to a reasonable range, control the equipment operating current between 30-35A, and ensure stable drive shaft operation by adjusting coupling clearance or adding shims. Furthermore, a malfunctioning safety valve can cause lubricant oil to bypass the cooler; check its settings for proper function.
Deteriorating lubricant oil quality is a common cause of abnormal oil temperature. After more than 2000 hours of use, lubricant viscosity, water content, and dust content may exceed specified limits, leading to decreased lubrication performance and abnormal component wear. Regularly test oil quality indicators, replace the lubricant promptly, and clean the oil tank to prevent impurities from entering the oil circuit. Also, confirm that the lubricant type meets equipment requirements to avoid lubrication failure caused by oil mismatch.
Mechanical structural failures can indirectly lead to elevated oil temperatures. For example, worn spline grooves in the oil pan can cause the thrust plate under the thrust bearing to seize, leading to tilted eccentric shaft operation and burning of contact surfaces. Cracks in the frame copper sleeve or loose alloy blocks can disrupt the lubricating oil film and cause localized overheating. The equipment must be disassembled to inspect the mechanical integrity and repaired by replacing the oil pan, thrust plate, or machining the lower end face of the eccentric shaft.
Abnormally high oil temperature in the cone crusher's lubrication system requires a systematic investigation and resolution. From lubrication oil circulation, component wear, cooling system efficiency, to equipment operating parameters, every aspect could be a source of trouble. Operators should combine equipment operation records and on-site inspections to gradually eliminate interfering factors. Measures such as repairing or replacing faulty components, optimizing the cooling system, and adjusting operating parameters can ensure the proper operation of the lubrication system and the long-term stability of the equipment.
